Defra

"It's why we've taken tough action and banned them," a Defra spokesperson said.

A Defra spokesperson said: "Rogue traders will face serious penalties, up to and including criminal prosecution."

Labour confirmed it would keep the legislation in October last year, with Defra minister Creagh saying disposable vapes were "extremely wasteful and blight our towns and cities".

Mr Christon said the zoo had been working with Defra to develop the reforms and they were not a "major surprise".

Dr Jo Judge, CEO of the British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums, which represents over 130 zoos and aquariums, said its members have been "working closely" with Defra officials to meet the updated standards.