G8

In 2014, after Russia illegally annexed Crimea, the world’s leading economies decided that it was no longer worth inviting Vladimir Putin to have tea and scones at the now-defunct G8; diplomacy in the decade before, clung to as the only means of preventing another armed conflict on European soil, had through the mirage of steady engagement blinded Western leaders to the possibility of an imminent war and soothed consciences as they deepened their dependence on Russian fossil fuels.

Britain is the only G8 nation without a sovereign satellite imaging capability.

In June 2005, four Scottish Socialist MSPs were banned from Parliament for a month, for disrupting business with a protest over the G8 summit.

As well as protests at power stations like Drax in North Yorkshire, Didcot near Oxford, Kingsnorth in Kent, and the G8 summit at Gleneagles, Scotland, in 2005, he travelled extensively in Europe.

In 2007, she convinced G8 leaders to set binding emission reduction targets.