Lower Egypt

The Narmer Palette, a ceremonial engraving that dates to the time of the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt about 5,000 years ago, shows the beheading and mutilation of what were apparently rival chieftains.

The vulture stood for Upper Egypt, for instance, and the cobra for Lower Egypt; both were included in the regalia of Tut, who presided over the united regions.

Memphis, founded around 3,100 B.C., was home to Menes, the king who united Upper and Lower Egypt.

It’s like the pharaohs wearing two crowns to signify the Upper and Lower Egypt.

After another hundred and fifty years, Coptic had essentially vanished as a daily language in Lower Egypt.