maltodextrin

Heinz’s version swaps eggs and pecorino cheese for a laundry list of chemical preservatives that mimic the original flavors, including maltodextrin and stabilizers.

"Additives, such as maltodextrin, may promote a mucous layer that is friendly to certain species of bacteria that are found in greater abundance in patients with inflammatory bowel disease," said Sherling.

Functional fiber — such as inulin, maltodextrin, guar gum and psyllium — have been extracted from natural sources, processed and added back to foods or supplements because they have health benefits.

They contain simple sugars like maltodextrin, fructose and glucose.

Mr. Nalebuff, a professor at the Yale School of Management and a founder of Honest Tea, blanched when he read the back of the bottle: After water, the first two ingredients were corn maltodextrin and sugar.