Mandelbrot set

The defining characteristic of a fractal, such as the Mandelbrot set, “is self-similarity,” Dr. Hart said.

Like the Mandelbrot set, the famous fractal icon, the Game of Life inspired the fields of chaos and complexity, which are so similar that I lump them together under a single term: chaoplexity.

The question sits at the center of Kevin Nguyen’s first novel, “New Waves,” which begins as a workplace caper before spinning out like the fractals in a Mandelbrot set.

The Mandelbrot set, Julia sets, and all this stuff which would have been impossible to see without a lot of computation and plotting.

This is how some fractal mathematical objects, such as the Mandelbrot set — a set of complex numbers for which a particular iterated equation does not approach infinity — are generated.